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    My realization that I was a positivist dogmatic was certainly
connected to my isolation. In isolation I grasped the alternative
modernity concept, that national structures can have many different
models, that generally social structures are fictional ones created by
human hands, and that nature is malleable. In particular, overcoming
the model of the nation-state was very important for me. For a long
time this concept was a Marxist-Leninist-Stalinist principle for me.
It essentially had the quality of an unchanging dogma. Because real
socialism hadn’t overcome the nation state model and saw it as a basic
necessity for modernity, we weren’t able to think of another form of
nationalism, for example democratic nationalism. When you said nation
there absolutely had to be a state! If Kurds were a nation they
certainly needed a state! However as social conditions intensified, as
I understood that nations themselves were the most meaningless
reality, shaped under the influence of capitalism, and as I understood
that the nation-state model was an iron cage for societies, I realized
that freedom and community were more important concepts. Realizing
that to fight for nation states was to fight for capitalism, a big
transformation in my political philosophy took place. I realized I had
been a victim of capitalist modernity.

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