>     This project comes close:

>     https://meshtastic.org/ <https://meshtastic.org/>

>     Meshtastic is a decentralized wireless off-grid mesh networking LoRa
>     protocol. The main goal of the project is enabling low-power,
>     long-range
>     communication over unlicensed radio bands. It is designed around
>     exchanging text
>     messages and data in off-grid environments, with potential
>     applications in IoT
>     projects where a decentralized communication system is needed
>     without existing
>     infrastructure.

>     On Tue, Oct 08, 2024 at 05:02:48PM +0200, Rob van Kranenburg wrote:
>      > Hi Maya, all,
>      >
>      > In 2011 Christian Nold and me wrote The Internet of People for a
>     Post-Oil World.
>      > Downloadable here:

>      >
>     https://archleague.org/publications/situated-technologies-pamphlets-8/ <https://archleague.org/publications/situated-technologies-pamphlets-8/%EF%BF%BC>
>      > The Internet of People for a Post-Oil World - The Architectural
>     League of New York
>      > archleague.org <http://archleague.org>

>      >
>      > >>> And what might also be important to consider is where the
>     energy and material resources necessary for technology come from.
>     Because we won’t achieve real change if only parts of the process
>     are transparent. Let’s at least be honest with ourselves and
>     acknowledge our anarchistic revolutionary tendencies by asking this
>     question. These resources as we all know, come from neocolonized,
>     severely exploited countries far enough away that consumers are not
>     bothered to think about them. It's getting too complicated.

>      >

>      >

>      >
>      > We ended with this:

>      >
>      > To finish and to instigate a discussion, we propose a series of
>     indicative standards that test the waters, raise awareness and make
>     visible the gap between where we are now and where have to go. The
>     triple challenges of climate change, peak oil and social breakdown
>     are coming. The question is not if, but when. Our standards are a
>     shock therapy to the current practice of making. The sociability
>     standards are workable and stem directly from the urgencies we have
>     discussed. They will ensure interoperability between all the
>     emerging actors. They require the joining of different actors that
>     so far have not been involved in the making of standards. All
>     technological standards are also social standards.
>      > Proximity
>      > • Systems that are designed by at least twenty people distributed
>     across the world.
>      > • Systems that are built less than 150 miles from where the raw
>     materials are sourced.
>      > • Systems that will not be deployed more than 50 miles from where
>     they are built.
>      > • Systems whose components are modular and backward compatible to
>     allow local repair, upgrade and downgrade.
>      > System Thinking
>      > • Systems that fix end costs as a percentage on top of publicly
>     available production, transportation and disposal costs.
>      > • Systems that communicate the break down of energy costs of
>     pro-dduction, transport and breakdown of the product.
>      > • Systems that automatically generate a fixed, public discussion
>     url for each item.
>      > Affect
>      > • Systems that encourage face-to-face contact.
>      > • Systems that build mutual responsibility.
>      > • Systems that encourage conflict.
>      > • Systems that during their lifetime will be used by more than 5
>     people.
>      > • Systems that enable strong bonds between people and the
>     environment.
>      > • Systems that treat resources as equals.

>      >
>      > Another part: The temporary alliance that you are describing
>     reminds me of the Belgian town of Geel where inmates from the
>     psychiatric asylum are living with families. This is a practice that
>     has a 700-year history. In recent decades, researchers examined this
>     living together of “sane” and “insane” people and found that it was
>     an incredibly successful model for “community recovery” where
>     communities strive to live with, rather than fear, mental illness.
>     It created local solidarity.

>      >
>      > In December there is a Thingscon we will have a workshop on this
>     (90% sure) to see if this is pure nostalgia or workable as working
>     on some system that functions after everything else fails - without
>     having a prepare attitude. Would be great to work on a joint workshop!

>      >
>      > Greetings, Rob

>      >
>      > > On 7 Oct 2024, at 20:10, Maira <ce0064@???
>     <mailto:ce0064@gmail.com>> wrote:

>      > >
>      > > Welcome Maya :)

>      > >
>      > > Hello from Brazil

>      > >
>      > > Em seg., 7 de out. de 2024 às 11:43, marija nikolic
>     <nikolic.a.marija@??? <mailto:nikolic.a.marija@gmail.com>
>     <mailto:nikolic.a.marija@gmail.com
>     <mailto:nikolic.a.marija@gmail.com>>> escreveu:
>      > >> Sorry for the missing photo of the meme :(

>      > >>
>      > >> <Screenshot 2024-10-07 at 1.49.49 PM.png>

>      > >>
>      > >> On Mon, Oct 7, 2024 at 3:14 PM marija nikolic
>     <nikolic.a.marija@??? <mailto:nikolic.a.marija@gmail.com>
>     <mailto:nikolic.a.marija@gmail.com
>     <mailto:nikolic.a.marija@gmail.com>>> wrote:
>      > >>> Hello Bricolabsers,

>      > >>>
>      > >>> I have no idea how big the group is nor who are the members,
>     I've just been invited to the group by my dear friend Rob and I'm
>     thankful for that.

>      > >>>
>      > >>> I recalled recently this meme:

>      > >>>

>      > >>>
>      > >>> Being a sociologist by education, I found it very accurate.
>     Of course, I'm not against studying science and technology; en
>     contraire, I spent a long time trying to communicate its value and
>     necessity to a wider audience (first to the youngest, but also to
>     adults). I completely agree with Carl Sagan's statement: 'We live in
>     a society exquisitely dependent on science and technology, in which
>     hardly anyone knows anything about science and technology.' But this
>     is also becoming true for other spheres of reality—social,
>     political, and philosophical concepts. This is largely why history
>     keeps repeating itself.

>      > >>>
>      > >>> It has become obvious that we have been in an ideological
>     crisis for some time, that postmodernism is unraveling, and that
>     attempts to sustain it through neocolonialism will likely fail—but
>     only if advancements in ICT are not fully controlled by corporations.

>      > >>>
>      > >>> I love Christina's quote:

>      > >>>
>      > >>> “I am always interested in who controls technology in any
>     given society at a particular time."..

>      > >>>
>      > >>> And what might also be important to consider is where the
>     energy and material resources necessary for technology come from.
>     Because we won’t achieve real change if only parts of the process
>     are transparent. Let’s at least be honest with ourselves and
>     acknowledge our anarchistic revolutionary tendencies by asking this
>     question. These resources as we all know, come from neocolonized,
>     severely exploited countries far enough away that consumers are not
>     bothered to think about them. It's getting too complicated.

>      > >>>
>      > >>> Perhaps we can contemplate some tech degrowth strategies that
>     align with our values of protecting people's freedoms (which
>     people?! - I guess all around the globe), digital identities, and
>     their right to resist and exist both virtually and in this heavy,
>     yet beautiful, material reality worth preserving.

>      > >>>
>      > >>> I'm looking forward to engaging discussions and valuable
>     resources in the mailing group.

>      > >>>
>      > >>> Best,
>      > >>> Maya

>      > >>>

>      > >>>
>      > >>> On Sun, Sep 29, 2024 at 3:52 PM Rob van Kranenburg
>     <kranenbu@??? <mailto:kranenbu@xs4all.nl>
>     <mailto:kranenbu@xs4all.nl <mailto:kranenbu@xs4all.nl>>> wrote:
>      > >>>> Good afternoon, (I resend as I am not sure if this passed,
>     apologies if you receive this twice),

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>> On the matter of dream projects that may become real I have
>     been working for the past decade on the idea of regaining back
>     control/agency over the big tech world and that is building a full
>     European phone, running a EU OS and the #Eurostack.

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>> Christina Caffara wrote:

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>> -The path to independence: given that we cannot Big Bang our
>     way from today’s captured vertically integrated infrastructures to
>     full independence, what are the steps and priorities to follow to
>     get there?

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>> Actually I think that there is a way and that is embedding
>     the Eurostack in a European phone. We can regulate  the wallet, we
>     can also regulate requirements for the phone. We have excellent
>     chips -ASML - excellent security PUF - and the ability to run an
>     European Operating System with apps and services on search, friends,
>     shopping... As a dedicated and trusted device we can also control
>     the supply chain fully (re: pagers) and vouch for the validity. The
>     device is a focus for new EU research. We can embed an AI layer and
>     hardcode the AI Act, simply running AI that is sound and 'vetted'.
>      > >>>> We can bring trillions of euros home (GAFAM is worth 7
>     trillion) because the services are in the EU cloud where analysis
>     and feedback is placed. The EU cloud is the edge of 500 million
>     phones primarily.
>      > >>>> At the moment we have about 17 Acts and Directives
>     regulating data, information, chip, cloud, data spaces, AI, devices
>     (CRA)..... All of these are run on compliance alone (and fines) A
>     500 million zone must have other tools than fines. The Acts are
>     missing the obvious - while it is staring in our face - the carrier
>     itself! Also no rocketsciennce.
>      > >>>> Such a framework would run Self Sovereign Identity and
>     disposable identities (an identity for a service; for example if you
>     rent a house you send a token to the landlord that you can pay, that
>     is all he/she needs to know - if you do not pay the token unlocks a
>     phone number). This secures privacy for people.

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>> We have a Telegram Group on Disposable Identities:
>      > >>>> Disposable Identities
>      > >>>> t.me <http://t.me>
>      > >>>> <apple-touch-icon.png>
>      > >>>>  <https://t.me/+T6YMHcJxH4Iy5LUa
>     <https://t.me/+T6YMHcJxH4Iy5LUa>>Disposable Identities
>     <https://t.me/+T6YMHcJxH4Iy5LUa <https://t.me/+T6YMHcJxH4Iy5LUa>>
>      > >>>> t.me <http://t.me> <https://t.me/+T6YMHcJxH4Iy5LUa
>     <https://t.me/+T6YMHcJxH4Iy5LUa>>    <apple-touch-icon.png>
>     <https://t.me/+T6YMHcJxH4Iy5LUa <https://t.me/+T6YMHcJxH4Iy5LUa>>

>      > >>>>

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>> The framework enablers new forms of decision making. We have
>     to negotiate referenda and citizen input.
>      > >>>> This might sound quite Chinese. In 2010 out of their twelve
>     top politicians 9  were engineers and scientists. They understood
>     that the hybrid - the merging of analogue and digital - is a new
>     ontology that needs decision making systems tuned to the new
>     drivers: techne - but the mindset is fully OCD. From a cybernetic
>     point of view this system is quite stable in the short and mid term
>     but untenable in the longer turn.
>      > >>>> We can work on a more balanced system.
>      > >>>> Taking control on the phone also means we can renegotiate
>     the digital turn that just happened top us. We need a time out to
>     rethink what kind of a hybrid world that we want. That should be a
>     European discussion that we can not have in the current tech set up.

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>> I am happy to say that my small book on this New forms of
>     governance for your hybrid reality has been accepted by Springer,
>     and I hope it kan kickstart a debate.

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>> The way can conceive our phone is as a truly trusted device
>     that can share moods, run our own AI and as the primary could is the
>     edge of 500 million phones we have an instant EU cloud.

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>> I see it as an example of doing extreme centralisation and
>     extreme decentralisation at the same time.

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>> The Kenner

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>> The kenner lives in hot spots and cold spots through
>     disposable identities.
>      > >>>> We need governance for the hot spots and governance for the
>     cold spots.

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>> “Uncanny is in reality nothing new or alien, but something
>     which is familiar and old-established in the mind and which has
>     become alienated from it only through the process of repression.” -
>     Sigmund Freud

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>> "The number of people seeking NHS treatment for psychotic
>     symptoms including hallucinations and delusional thinking has soared
>     in the past two years, new figures show....According to NHS data,
>     referrals to mental health services in England for first suspected
>     episodes of psychosis rose by 75% in the two years up until April
>     2021, amid what The Guardian described as “the stresses of the
>     Covid-19 pandemic”."[1] <>

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>> "Rates of those at risk for psychotic experiences have
>     continued to increase compared with pre-pandemic rates, growing from
>     73% at risk in 2019 to a staggering 80% in 2023." (US figures)[2] <>

>      > >>>>

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>> The main premise of this text is that the democratic
>     apparatus in Western countries is no longer tuned to the hybrid
>     world that this seamlessness puts forward. Our current conceptual
>     toolbox is no longer equipped to address new challenges: “We grasp
>     reality through concepts. When reality changes too quickly and
>     dramatically, as it is happening nowadays because of ICTs, we are
>     conceptually wrong-footed.” (Gligoric et al., 2017) The most
>     important characteristic of ubicomp, pervasive computing, ambient
>     intelligence, and IoT is its promise of seamless connectivity. We
>     perceive seamlessness in the same category as ‘harmonious’ because
>     it is without rupture, questions and conflict. As such it can appear
>     as a smooth surface of an object, a well designed situation or
>     service or a natural setting. As it sets out to disappear into the
>     fabric of everyday life, it obscures the fact that infrastructural,
>     hardware, software and interface design decisions were made that can
>     not be analyzed, discussed and contested. It becomes next nature,
>     the next surface on which to read, write, act and build on. This
>     process underlies the main innovations of our time: the internet
>     hides the fact that it created the notion of data with the tcp/ip
>     protocol - it creates it -, the web hides the fact that although
>     html won there were competing visions that stated that to link to
>     something that potentially did not exist (Error 404) should not be
>     possible and reciprocity[3] <> not linkability should drive this
>     information layer,  the smartphone hides the business model beneath
>     it with the iphone controlling what goes in and what goes out
>     through the app store and their designers and ChatGPT hides the fact
>     what it has been trained on and what machine learning and AI
>     algorithms it runs . It could have all been different. This is not a
>     lament, saying things could have been better but a statement meant
>     to draw attention to the fact that with the integration of AI we
>     need a different approach.

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>> I believe that the day is not far off when all people will
>     have some tool, call it a wallet, a router, a phone, a crypto mining
>     device (maybe all of that) that runs all computation locally on that
>     device and gives out only contextual, time-limited and scope-based
>     information; a companion to assist you in educating yourself and
>     others in living together on a small planet that is tumbling about
>     in vast space. In fact, the 1976 novel Woman on the Edge of Time by
>     Marge Piercy, describes this tool in her ‘utopia’ of a society
>     combining local bio food and resilient communities running on high
>     tech renewables and distributed ledgers provisioning services. Maybe
>     it was not a utopia but just a vision? She calls the device a
>     kenner. I want to bring her vision alive in an actionable way.

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>> This time she saw that what she had taken for a watch on
>     Luciente's wrist was not only that, or not that at all. He was not
>     lifting it to his ear to hear it tick, but it spoke almost
>     inaudibly. "What's that?" My kenner. Computer link? Actually it is a
>     computer as well, my own memory annex (p52)....It ties into an
>     encyclopedia - a knowledge computer. Also into transport and
>     storage. Can serve as locator-speaker. (P 64)

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>> NINO: Nonsense In, Nonsense Out- that's the motto on every
>     kenner. It means your theory is no better than your practice, or
>     your body than your nutrition. Your encyclopedia only produces the
>     information or misinformation fed to it. So on (p67)

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>> Allright, you have all these things on your wrist. Somewhere
>     there is a big computer. How does it recognise you? " My own memory
>     annex is in my computer", Lucent said. " With the transport of an
>     encyclopedia, you just call for what you want." " But what about the
>     police? What about the government? How do they keep track of you if
>     you keep changing names?"Again a great buzz of confusion and kenner
>     checking passed around the table, with half of them turning to each
>     other instead. " This is complicated." The old woman, Sojourner
>     shook her head. " Government I think I can grasp. Lucent can show
>     you the government, but nobody's working there today." (p*0)

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>> "Our technology did not develop in a straight line from
>     yours", Lucent said seriously, looking with shiny black gaze, merry,
>     alert in a way that cast grace notes around her words. " We have
>     limited resources. We plan cooperatively. We can afford to
>     waste...nothing. You could say our religion? - ideas make us see
>     ourselves as partners with water, air, birds, fish, trees." " We
>     learned a lot from societies people used to call primitive.
>     Primitive technically. But socially sophisticated...We tried to
>     learn from cultures that dealt well with handling conflict,
>     promoting cooperation, coming of age, growing a sense of community,
>     getting sick, aging, going mad, dying, - (p132)

>      > >>>>

>      > >>>>

>      > >>>>

>      > >>>>

>      > >>>>

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>> ➔    The vision of Marge Piercy on computing can only be
>     characterized as very advanced is we look at what was actually
>     happening in 1976:

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>> ●      “Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak demonstrated the first
>     Apple computer at the Home Brew Computer Club in April 1976. The
>     Apple I had 6502 MOS (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor), 1 MHz processor, 8
>     kB of onboard memory, and 1 kB of VRAM (Video Random-Access Memory)
>     for $666.66.
>      > >>>> ●      Intel introduced the 8085 processor in March 1976.
>      > >>>> ●      Steve Wozniak designed the first Apple, the Apple I
>     computer, in 1976; later, Wozniak and Steve Jobs co-founded Apple
>     Computers on April Fools' Day.
>      > >>>> ●      The first 5.25-inch floppy disk was invented in 1976.
>      > >>>> ●      Zilog, Inc. introduced the Z80 eight-bit microprocessor.
>      > >>>> ●      Microsoft introduced an improved version of BASIC.
>      > >>>> ●      On February 3, 1976, David Bunnell published an
>     article by Bill Gates complaining about software piracy in his
>     Computer Notes Altair newsletter.
>      > >>>> ●      Professor at Bowling Green State University first
>     used the term "computer ethics."[4] <>
>      > >>>> ●      In December 1976, Bill Gates dropped out of Harvard
>     to devote all his time to Microsoft[5] <>.”

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>> It is clear that there was no comprehensive framework at the
>     time to reflect on the influence and repercussions on introducing
>     computers into society. In hindsight it is easy to say that this was
>     logical as it was introduced by computer scientists and engineers to
>     gradually bring industrial machines and processes to individual
>     citizens. However, Marge Piercy was able to imagine a world in which
>     everyone was ‘person’  foreshadowing the gender and LQBTQ movement,
>     a world full of mobile phones, and these mobile phones were
>     instrumental and integrated into larger decision making processes as
>     well as serving as real time feedback on actions, and sketches two
>     trajectories of how the future can look: dystopian autocratic (the
>     city of control) and utopian balanced (the city of trust). Her work
>     is called feminist and in the 2016 Introduction to the reprint of
>     the novel she calls it ‘profoundly anarchist and aimed at
>     integrating people back into the natural world and eliminating power
>     relationships:

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>> “I am always interested in who controls technology at any
>     given society at a particular time. Who decides that trolleys and
>     passenger trains are obsolete but cars are all-important and our
>     cities must be built around them as if they were the primary
>     inhabitants? Who chooses which technology is explored?

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>> In the  2012 Transformational Technologies #4: Implications
>     for an Expanding Threat Environment Conference, there were several
>     lectures, one of which was on the history of anarchism. The speaker
>     went through a long list of bombings and attacks, only to end on one
>     in particular to state that the reasons behind it were unknown and
>     that no one knew why he actually threw that bomb.As I was sitting in
>     the audience I was very surprised to hear this and to think that as
>     no one on the room reacted, a lot of intelligence attendants felt
>     the same. No doubt that there was no particular idiosyncratic reason
>     for that attack, but that it symbolized some form of power
>     structure. The real reason was a lifelong felt injustice for the
>     entire political situation. This does not justify the attack, but it
>     shows that law enforcement and intelligence seem to think these
>     events somehow come out of the blue, whereas they evolve in a long
>     process from deeply felt injustice and lack of being part of
>     decision making processes.  On July 1, 1910, in Tobolsk the Omsk
>     Military Tribunal sentenced Sergei Vilkov to death. He was found at
>     9 o'clock that same evening, dead in his cell. “He had tied a length
>     of rope to a ring in the wall tha supported his bed and while lying
>     had slowly strangled himself to death.”[4] This process of
>     radicalization can be guided towards more productive ends if
>     individuals are recognized and  followed up earlier in life.

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>> Current technological and socio-cultural reality could not
>     have emerged nor evolved without tools from anarchist theory and
>     praxis. These tools are currently not recognized. Anarchism still
>     has a bad reputation. Yet without broadly educating citizens into
>     self-organization on matters of data and identity (owning and using
>     private and public keys) positive cybernetics will be impossible.
>     Anarchism – “a political theory, which is skeptical of the
>     justification of authority and power, especially political
>     power”[1]  is equated with chaos, unrest, violence, and terror[2].
>     Yet, without it blockchain, decentralization as a technical force
>     favoring the ‘edge’ over the ‘cloud’, cryptocurrencies and p2p
>     platforms, digital twins, and Proof of Work, Decentralization,
>     Satoshi Nakamoto Consensus, Asset Tokenization, Freedom Blocks,
>     Global Public Ledger [3], the Internet of Things, Industry 4.0 and
>     Self Sovereign Identity could not have been conceived.

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>> As humans are equal, generic infrastructures should support
>     all of them equally in their basic (food, shelter, care, education)
>     and intellectual (no blockades in any information flow) needs. How
>     simple can it be, how true this is and how absurd we are not living
>     this reality now.

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>> The most fundamental anarchist protocol is the protocol of
>     the internet itself, as it simply says: pass on the packet. It is a
>     radically new way of organizing data and information. It has created
>     industrial giants and a political system, but it has not yet created
>     a fair, social and just system making use of all current
>     technological resources.

>      > >>>>

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>>               [1]  Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy,
>     https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/anarchism/
>     <https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/anarchism/>
>      > >>>> [2]  Lucy Parsons: “I am an anarchist. I suppose you came
>     here, the most of you, to see what a real, live anarchist looked
>     like. I suppose some of you expected to see me with a bomb in one
>     hand and a flaming torch in the other but are disappointed in seeing
>     neither. If such has been your ideas regarding an anarchist, you
>     deserved to be disappointed. Anarchists are peaceable, law-abiding
>     people. What do anarchists mean when they speak of anarchy? Webster
>     gives the term two definitions chaos and the state of being without
>     political rule. We cling to the latter definition. Our enemies hold
>     that we believe only in the former.”
>     https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/1886-lucy-parsons-i-am-anarchist/ <https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/1886-lucy-parsons-i-am-anarchist/>
>      > >>>>               [3] Listed in a Tweet Blockchaintiger.rvn –
>     Joshua @blockchaintiger
>      > >>>>               Aug 23
>      > >>>>               “Ravolutoion!” $RVN Gem stone

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>>               Proof of Work
>      > >>>>               Decentralization
>      > >>>>               Satoshi Nakamoto Consensus
>      > >>>>               Asset Tokenization
>      > >>>>               Freedom Blocks
>      > >>>>               Global Public Ledger

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>>               $RVN Gem stone aka #Bitcoin 3.0 is entering
>     the first halving.

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>> [4] Daniel Beer, The House of the Dead, Siberian Exiles
>     under the Tsars, Allen Lane, 2016, p 381.

>      > >>>>

>      > >>>>

>      > >>>>

>      > >>>>

>      > >>>>

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>> [1] <>
>     https://theweek.com/news/science-health/954485/why-psychosis-is-on-the-rise <https://theweek.com/news/science-health/954485/why-psychosis-is-on-the-rise>
>      > >>>> [2] <> Mental Health America releases analysis of its 2023
>     online mental health screens; U.S. sees continued rise of anxiety,
>     psychosis and ADHD risk

>      > >>>>
>     https://mhanational.org/news/2023-online-mental-health-screens-analysis <https://mhanational.org/news/2023-online-mental-health-screens-analysis>

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>> [3] <> Project Xanadu (/ˈzænəduː/ ZAN-ə-doo) was the first
>     hypertext project, founded in 1960 by Ted Nelson. Administrators of
>     Project Xanadu have declared it superior to the World Wide Web, with
>     the mission statement: "Today's popular software simulates paper.
>     The World Wide Web (another imitation of paper) trivialises our
>     original hypertext model with one-way ever-breaking links and no
>     management of version or contents."
>     https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Xanadu
>     <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Xanadu>
>      > >>>> [4] <> Walter Maner, a philosopher who teaches computer
>     science at Bowling Green University, is credited with coin- ing the
>     actual term "computer ethics" in 1976, although he states that it is
>     still too early to provide a formal definition for the term. He
>     observes that when the computer is in- volved in moral problems, the
>     problems tend to be exacer- bated and new ones may even be created
>     [1]. Deborah Johnson, a philosopher at Rensselaer Polytechnic
>     Institute who wrote one of the first books about computer ethics
>     [2], states that the ethical problems related to computers are not
>     unique. They are the same old problems of privacy, power and
>     property, but they tend to occur on a much larger scale because of
>     computers. She calls computer ethics a "new species of generic moral
>     problems [1]."

>      > >>>>
>     https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/271125.271138#:~:text=Walter%20Maner%2C%20a%20philosopher%20who,formal%20definition%20for%20the%20term <https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/271125.271138#:~:text=Walter%20Maner%2C%20a%20philosopher%20who,formal%20definition%20for%20the%20term>.
>      > >>>> [5]
>     <>https://www.computerhope.com/history/1976.htm#:~:text=printer%20in%201976.-,New%20computer%20products%20and%20services%20introduced%20in%201976,disk%20was%20invented%20in%201976 <https://www.computerhope.com/history/1976.htm#:~:text=printer%20in%201976.-,New%20computer%20products%20and%20services%20introduced%20in%201976,disk%20was%20invented%20in%201976>.

>      > >>>>

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>> —

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>> Wishing you all a good Sunday! Rob

>      > >>>>
>      > >>>> _______________________________________________
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>      >

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