Hi all,

    For full backup nice tool is mksquashfs. It can be used in that way:
mksquashfs <in> <in2> .... <out>.squashfs -b 1M -comp zstd 
-Xcompression-level 22
And encrypted by luks in that way:
truncate -s +8M <out>.squashfs
cryptsetup -q reencrypt --encrypt --type luks2 none --disable-locks 
--reduce-device-size 8M <out>.squashfs
and e.g. add key file instead of password.

After that this file can be burned for DVD or Blu-ray. Random access.
Transparent compression. Transparent encryption. And read only format
forcing that backup and by destroy by overwrite some file without
destroy image, or rewrite whole.

Extra protip - squashfs can be extended.

---
Pozdrawiam (best regards),
Jakub Juszczakiewicz
Krypto-IT

W dniu 2024-05-26 17:49, Martin Steigerwald napisał(a):
> Hi!
>
> nisp1953 via Dng - 25.05.24, 20:07:55 CEST:
>> I recently installed Devuan Daedalus 5.0 and it is working great.
>> Thanks very much. I need advice on ways to backup my /home user
>> account. I have been using tar but I am hoping the list can advise me
>> of a better backup method or Debian (Devuan) package that I can use.
>> I'd prefer something that does incremental backups.
>
> I'd recommend either borgbackup or resticbackup. There are compressing,
> deduplicating (on the block level) and optionally client-side
> encrypting.
>
> Or in case you do not need any compression or rely on the filesystem to
> compress you could rsync. I still use rsync together with BTRFS mounted
> with "compress=zstd". I made a little shell script that generates a
> BTRFS
> snapshot from the subvolume I like to backup, rsync it to the
> destination
> and snapshot the state there as well. But there are ready made tools
> for
> that like btrbk which I bet use BTRFS send/receive functionality. I
> never
> used btrbk or a similar tool so far.
>
> Of course for that at least your destination filesystem must be a BTRFS
> or
> another filesystem capable of doing snapshots, unless you would like to
> use
> a tool like rsnapshot that uses rsync and hardlinks to deduplicate on
> the
> file level.
>
> A disadvantage of any rsync based approach of course is that in case
> you
> rename a directory with 10 GiB on the subsequent backup you need
> another
> 10 GiB even if the contents of that directory did not change. Unlike
> BTRFS
> send/receive rsync does not detect renames.
>
> The disadvantage of using BTRFS send/receive however would be that you
> need to maintain a previous snapshot on the source so that send/receive
> can just transfer the differences to the current state on the next
> time.
>
> Of course the choice of a good tool also depends on the kind of backup
> storage. The above is suited for local disks, probably spread around
> several locations for additional resiliency as well as backup through
> SSH.
> Basically my rsync with BTRFS based script also collects the data from
> my
> router and my servers in addition to the laptop data. Maybe in future
> also
> from a handy with PostmarketOS.
>
> There are also GUI based helpers available for rsync (many) and
> borgbackup
> (Vorta) at least. Not sure about resticbackup, but I bet there is some
> GUI
> available for it as well. I prefer scripting my backup.
>
>
> Of course there is a myriad of other ways to do backups. There are
> literally hundreds of backup tools available for Linux. Quite some of
> them
> are packaged within Debian and thus Devuan. Going from fully blown
> complex
> client/server architectures as simple script based tools.
>
> And there is Proxmox Backup Server, but Proxmox relies heavily on
> Systemd
> for service startup and I am not aware of a Systemd free version of
> Proxmox Backup Server or the KVM/LXC based virtualization solution they
> provide. But aside from setting it up and accessing the web frontend of
> it
> occasionally, there is likely not to be a need to interact often with
> it.
> It is free software, but after having been set up you likely can just
> treat it as kind of black box that just works. It is deduplicating,
> compressing and optionally client-side encrypting.
>
> Also there is the approach to backup to optical media, which can be
> interesting with DVD-RAM or similar long-life Bluray media. There is
> dvdbackup, recently completed by bluraybackup (not yet in stable) and
> the
> generic disk archiver (dar), probably combined with par2 for more
> resiliency. Capacity and speed would be the main limitation there.
>
> My recommendation still would be to go for something simple enough for
> backup of your own private data. Of course preferably test the restore.
> I
> have done migration from one laptop to another by restoring from
> backup.
> However with my rsync based approach it needs quite some knowledge of
> setting up the partitioning and the bootloader. Relax and Recover
> (rear)
> may help with that, but I never tried it.
>
> I am sure others will come up with a myriad of other suggestions.
>
> Best,
> --
> Martin
>
>
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