In a new installation, when printing with lpr the output is
landscape when it should be portrait.

The -o option produces wrong orientation.

$ lpr -o orientation-requested=4 <file> prints landscape
$ lpr -o orientation-requested=5 <file> prints landscape

When I print a file opened with emacs by means of Ctl-p, the
result is landscape when it should be portrait.

When CUPS prints its test page, it is normal (portrait)

I do:

$ lpoptions -p HP_LaserJet_Pro_M428f_M429f_8264A8 -o orientation-requested=portrait

This has no effect on the operation of lpr

Where does the orientation for the lpr command get defined?

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Haines Brown